Electrochemical characteristics of spinel Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ discharged to 0.01 V

Cycling stability, reversible capacity and rate performance of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ discharged to 0.01 V were investigated. A couple of obvious and repeatable peaks under 0.6 V observed by CV indicated that Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ possessed reversible capacity below 0.6 V. When discharge voltage of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ extended from 0.6 to 0.01 V, its cycling stability was not affected and its reversible capacity and high rate performance were improved. Although the capacity obtained from 2.0 to 0.6 V gradually decreased with increasing the applied current density, the capacity obtained from 0.6 to 0.01 V showed little loss. AB was both electronic conducting additive and lithium-ion conducting additive for Li₄Ti₅O₁₂ under 0.6 V.