Electric-Hydrogen Hybrid Energy Storage System Scheduling with Battery Thermal Management

To cope with the high penetration of fluctuating renewable generation into cold-region electrical grids while maintaining suitable temperature of battery energy storage systems (BESS), this paper proposes a scheduling method for an electric-hydrogen (hybrid) energy storage system (EHESS) considering thermal management of BESS. First, the thermal model of 21700 type Li-ion batteries is established to simulate their heat generation and dissipation. Then, a day-ahead scheduling framework using the dynamic optimal power flow is proposed for the EHESS in the context of a distribution network. The framework uses the BESS to smooth power outputs of renewable and conventional generators, followed by employing electrolysers to further absorb remaining renewable curtailments. The hydrogen produced is fed into fuel cells to export to replace part of conventional generation and co-generate heat for thermal management of BESS. The proposed scheduling method is tested based on a 33 kV distribution network, showing that the EHESS effectively improves the network capability of absorbing renewable generation while meeting heat requirements of BESS under the regulation of the scheduling framework.