Effect of growth rate on microstructure evolution in directionally solidified Ti–47Al alloy

The microstructures and morphologies of directionally solidified Ti–47Al alloys with different growth rates ranging from 1 to 200 μm/s were investigated using the Bridgman directionally solidified method. The results showed that numerous columnar grains were formed along the growth direction with the onset of directional solidification. With a variation in the growth rate, the solid/liquid interface changed from a flat to cellular and to dendritic interface. The flat-to-cellular interface transition rate of the Ti–47Al alloy varied from 1 to 3 μm/s. When the growth rate was higher than 10 μm/s, the solid/liquid interface showed typical dendritic growth. During the directional solidification process, the main phase of the directionally solidified Ti–47Al alloy was the α phase, which can be attributed to the solute segregation, supercooling of the components, and contamination of the alloy melt by the Y₂O₃ ceramic shell. After reaching the steady growth state during the directional solidification process, the solidification path of the alloy was: L→α→α+γ→(α₂+γ) + γ. With an increase in the growth rate, the primary dendrite spacing (λ) and lamellar spacing (λs) of the alloy decreased gradually.