Design and Performance Research on Heavy Emergency Rescue Vehicle Suspension Based on Inerter and Dynamic Vibration Absorber

Purpose: This study investigates the application of inerters in heavy vehicle suspensions to improve vehicle dynamic performance, and proposes an inerter-based active dynamic vibration absorber (IADVA) suspension. Methods: The ISPDVA suspension is first analyzed, and the multi-objective NSGA-II algorithm is adopted to optimize the design parameters. On this basis, the IADVA suspension is developed by simplifying the ISPDVA and integrating an actuator with the active skyhook damping control strategy. The spectral characteristics of the time-domain model of the random road excitation are verified via displacement power spectral density (PSD). Performance comparisons are conducted among IADVA, SPDVA and TPS, and sensitivity analysis is implemented to reveal the influence mechanism of design parameters on suspension performance indicators. Results: The vibration absorption performance of the ISPDVA is weaker than that of the SPDVA. The proposed IADVA presents superior attenuation effects on the amplitudes of amplitude-frequency characteristic curves. In the time domain, compared with SPDVA and TPS, IADVA reduces the RMS values of sprung mass acceleration by 23.17% and 40.16%, suspension working space by 5.88% and 22.76%, and dynamic tire load by 27.17% and 40.16%, respectively. Conclusion: The IADVA suspension exhibits stronger vibration absorption capacity and can more effectively improve the ride comfort and handling stability of heavy emergency rescue vehicles than the SPDVA suspension.