DDRM: An SLO-aware Deep Dynamic Resource Management Framework for Microservices

Loosely coupled microservice architectures have been widely adopted in cloud-native applications due to their inherent advantages in modularity, development agility, and scalability. However, the resulting complex and dynamic service topologies introduce intricate inter-service dependencies, which often lead to backpressure effects and queuing delays. These phenomena significantly challenge traditional monolithic and rule-based resource management approaches, which struggle to capture the non-linear performance characteristics and long-term effects of resource allocation decisions in such environments. To address these challenges, we propose DDRM, a two-stage predictor-decider collaborative framework for dynamic resource management in microservice systems. DDRM integrates deep learning to model inter-service interactions and predict the probability of Service Level Objective (SLO) violations, and employs reinforcement learning to optimize resource allocation decisions by maximizing long-term cumulative rewards while meeting SLO targets. Extensive evaluations demonstrate that DDRM outperforms state-of-the-art baselines by up to 29.8%, while exhibiting strong stability and adaptability under highly varying workloads.