Cutting-Based Manufacturing and Surface Wettability of Microtextures on Pure Titanium

Pure titanium is a preferred material for medical applications due to its outstanding properties, and the fabrication of its surface microtexture proves to be an effective method for further improving its surface-related functional properties, albeit imposing high demands on the processing accuracy of surface microtexture. Currently, we investigate the fabrication of precise microtextures on pure titanium surfaces with different grid depths using precision-cutting methods, as well as assess its impact on surface wettability through a combination of experiments and finite element simulations. Specifically, a finite element model is established for pure titanium precision cutting, which can predict the surface formation behavior during the cutting process and further reveal its dependence on cutting parameters. Based on this, precision-cutting experiments were performed to explore the effect of cutting parameters on the morphology of microtextured pure titanium with which optimized cutting parameters for high-precision microtextures and uniform feature size were obtained. Subsequent surface wettability measurement experiments demonstrated from a macroscopic perspective that the increase in the grid depth of the microtexture increases the surface roughness, thereby enhancing the hydrophilicity. Corresponding fluid–solid coupling finite-element simulation is carried out to demonstrate from a microscopic perspective that the increase in the grid depth of the microtexture decreases the cohesive force inside the droplet, thereby enhancing the hydrophilicity.