Corrosion kinetic characteristics of carbon steel in thermodynamically determined simulated concrete pore solutions driven by the coupling action of Cl⁻ and CO₂, as well as alternating polarization

The internal concentration of erosive substances in RC, i.e., Cl⁻ and CO₂, as well as the external polarization conditions, i.e., cathode protection and stray current, constitute the foremost aspects governing the interfacial corrosion kinetics. Firstly, the framework of thermodynamic calculation was introduced to determine the simulated concrete pore solutions with specific erosion level. Afterwards, the corresponding corrosion kinetics was obtained via electrochemical methods. Secondly, unipolar and bipolar pulses were utilized to explore the influence of charge–discharge and alternating cathode–anode polarization processes on corrosion kinetics under external frequency-dependent alternating polarization. The present research focuses on providing a scientific corrosion big data for further development of machine learning algorithms in the field of RC corrosion and promoting the advancement of theoretical models for characterizing building damage in typical erosion environment.