Coordinated control of the conventional units, wind power, and battery energy storage system for effective support in the frequency regulation service

This paper presents a coordinated control strategy for the participation of the variable speed wind turbine generators (VSWTGs) and battery storage system (BSS) in the frequency regulation service. Firstly, an operating strategy based on a combination of dynamic de-loading control and rotor kinetic inertia control (RKC) has been developed to involve the WTGs to provide frequency regulation service. The proposed strategy does not necessitate any wind speed measurements and effective for all wind speed ranges. Secondly, a battery storage system is managed besides the wind system in the manner that can provide effective frequency regulation while maintaining both battery's state of charge and the turbine's kinetic energy within their acceptable limits. A multisource power system with high-wind power integration of 30% has been considered. The nonlinearities such as generation rate constraints (GRC) and generation dead band (GDB) have been considered to make it more realistic power system. Furthermore, to consider the entire interactions between different system units, full coordinated control is presented. The results confirm the necessity of the power coordination to improve the overall system dynamic behavior in terms of frequency response, turbine stability, and the battery's state of charge (SOC) profile.