Controllable fabrication of periodic hexagon lattice on glass by interference of three replicas split from single femtosecond laser pulse

Two-dimensional periodic hexagon lattice is fabricated on silica glass by the interference of three non-coplanar beams originating from a single femtosecond laser pulse. The Atom Force Microscopy (AFM) characterizations indicate the elongation ratio R of periodic hexagon lattice can be conveniently controlled by changing colliding angles of the three beams and the angles difference. Controllable formation of periodic hexagon lattice on glass could be well interpreted by the theoretical simulation based on three-dimensional intensity distribution formed by the spatial interference of three non-coplanar beams.