Comprehensive Signal Processing Strategy: A Multi-Stage Algorithm Framework for Single-Photon Lidar Imaging

Addressing the demand for long-range, highresolution target reconstruction of underwater objects, this study investigates single-photon lidar target imaging technology, presenting a multi-stage algorithmic framework for single-photon lidar imaging. This framework possesses strong information extraction and noise filtering capabilities, enabling the reconstruction of target depth and reflectivity information from complex echo photons. The method comprises three steps: data preprocessing, variational modal decomposition, and collaborative variational imaging enhancement, achieving highquality target reconstruction in complex underwater environments. Test results demonstrate that this target reconstruction method, utilizing the constructed single-photon lidar system, achieves a centimeter-level lateral and range resolutions at 5-6 AL, indicating significant advantages for highresolution underwater imaging and providing technical support for underwater target detection.