Carbazole-modified blue light-emitting copolymers with the backbones integrated by diphenyloxadiazole, fluorene, and triphenylamine

Two new blue light-emitting polymers, poly{[2,5-bis(4-phenylene)-1,3,4- oxadiazole]-[9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diyl]-[N-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-N, N-bis(p-phenylene)aniline]} (POFPA) and poly{[2,5-bis(4-phenylene)-1,3,4- oxadiazole]-[9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diyl]-[4-(3,6-(di-9H-carbazol-9-yl) -9H-carbazol-9-yl)-N,N-bis(p-phenylene)-aniline]} (POFCPA), were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reactions. By GPC analysis against a linear polystyrene standard POFPA and POFCPA were found to have M _n of 1.68 × 10 ⁴ and 3.70 × 10 ³, respectively. In contrast to POFPA, the main absorption peak of POFCPA in dilute toluene solution was blue-shifted by Δλ = 26 nm owing to its backbone of relatively shorter π-conjugation length and more carbazole units in side chain. The absolute fluorescence quantum yield (Φ _f) of POFCPA in dilute toluene solution was determined as 73%, much higher than that of POFPA (Φ _f ≈ 58.9%) measured under the same conditions. An electroluminescence device based on POFCPA displays a stable blue emission having color coordinates of (0.15, 0.20), a maximum brightness of 4762 cd/m ², and a maximum current efficiency of 1.79 cd/A. By using this polymer as the host material doped with 1 wt.% 4,4′-bis[2-(4-(N,N- diphenylamino)phenyl)vinyl]biphenyl, the achieved highest brightness, maximum current efficiency and maximum power efficiency are 13,613 cd/m ², 3.38 cd/A, and1.84 lm/W, respectively.