Blind sparse-spike deconvolution with thin layers and structure

Blind sparse-spike deconvolution is a widely used method to estimate seismic wavelets and sparse reflectivity in the shape of spikes based on the convolution model. To increase the vertical resolution and lateral continuity of the estimated reflectivity, we further improve the sparse-spike deconvolution by introducing the atomic norm minimization and structural regularization, respectively. Specifically, we use the atomic norm minimization to estimate the reflector locations, which are further used as position constraints in the sparse-spike deconvolution. By doing this, we can vertically separate highly thin layers through the sparse deconvolution. In addition, the seismic structural orientations are estimated from the seismic image to construct a structure-guided regularization in the deconvolution to preserve the lateral continuity of reflectivities. Our improvements are suitable for most types of sparse-spike deconvolution approaches. The sparse-spike deconvolution method with Toeplitz-sparse matrix factorization (TSMF) is used as an example to demonstrate the effectiveness of our improvements. Synthetic and real examples show that our methods perform better than TSMF in estimating the reflectivity of thin layers and preserving the lateral continuities.