Behavior of composite hat girders with reduced height

The software ABAQUS is employed to study the behavior of composite hat girders with reduced height. The tie element and spring element are both employed to analyze the behavior of headed studs, with the crack of concrete taken into consideration. The calculation results are validated by comparing with the corresponding experimental results. It is found that such type of composite slim girders has good ductility. The loading position along the girder has little influence on the rigidity and ultimate bearing capacity, both of which increase with the increase of the number of headed studs. The comparison indicates that the spring element is better in modeling the behavior of the headed studs than the tie element.