Analysis of coverage problem under border effects in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks can be used to monitor the interested region by deploying dense sensor nodes. Coverage is a primary metric to evaluate the capacity of monitoring. In this paper, we focus on the coverage problem under border effects, where the sensor nodes are distributed in a circle-shaped region randomly. Under this scenario, we derive the expected coverage of the sensor node and the total network coverage provided by n sensor nodes accurately by probability. These findings are useful to determine the related parameters (sensing range, number of sensor nodes and radius of monitored region) for a specific network coverage ratio. Simulation results demonstrate that our analysis is correct and effective.