Analysis and active control of vortex-induced vibration of hydrofoil

Vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of hydrofoils poses significant challenges to underwater equipment and marine engineering, involving the coordinated optimization of structural safety and acoustic performance. This study proposes an active control strategy based on piezoelectric materials to effectively suppress vibration and noise through vortex shedding frequency modulation under fluid-structure interaction conditions. By establishing a bidirectional fluid-structure coupling simulation model, we systematically investigated the torsional vibration response and resonance mechanisms of hydrofoils under various flow velocities, revealing dynamic influence patterns of velocity variations on wake vortex shedding and acoustic field characteristics. The mechanism of active control on structural vibration energy dissipation and flow field pressure distribution was elucidated through excitation amplitude and frequency regulation. Experimental studies employing Macro Fiber Composite (MFC) and particle image velocimetry (PIV) validated the active modulation characteristics of wake vortex shedding. Results demonstrate that piezoelectric excitation can significantly alter boundary layer evolution on hydrofoil surfaces, adjust vortex shedding frequencies, mitigate resonance risks, and optimize acoustic field distribution. This research provides a novel technical approach for vibration control in complex fluid-structure coupling systems and active acoustic signature regulation.