All-Solid-State Terahertz Phased Array Based on Graphene Metasurface for Ultra-Wide-Angle Beam Steering

In this paper, we propose an all-solid-state, electrically tunable, and reflective terahertz phased array (TPA) based on a novel graphene metasurface. By designing and optimizing the key structural parameters of graphene antenna, the metasurface can achieve close to the continuous phase curves corresponding to different deflection angles and the accurate modulation of phase over 350° by the metasurface in THz spectrum. Based on the above two elements, the designed TPA can achieve a specific deflection angle or continuous scanning in the ultra-wide range of -79.11°∼79.11° almost without side lobe interference. A key feature of our design can maintain the beam steering function in the range of incident angle less than 20°. This method holds a promising potential for versatile utilization in integrated devices such as adjustable wavefront control.