Affine transformation-based life signal filtering algorithm for two-order differential equation

Due to limitations in the size and computational power of miniature embedded systems, it is often difficult to achieve real-time and accurate reconciliation when testing vital signs. To solve this problem, we propose an ECG signal filtering algorithm based on a second-order differential equation and the affine transformation theory (ATSDEF). We compared the filtering performance of our proposed algorithm with that of the particle filter method and the results confirm the ATSDEF to be more effective. Lastly, we validated the algorithm in normal and abnormal ECG filtering experiments, the results of which demonstrate its ability to not only effectively filter ECG signal noise, but also to retain detailed weak characteristics in the ECG signal to ensure the accuracy of signal filtering, thereby solving the longstanding problems of the real-time signal processing of miniature embedded systems.