Advancements, challenges, and future directions of photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes in environmental pollution remediation and energy conversion applications

This paper reviews recent advancements, challenges, and future directions of photocatalytic advanced oxidation processes (P-AOPs) in environmental remediation and energy conversion. P-AOPs, an efficient green technology, degrade organic pollutants in water and air using oxidative species generated by photocatalysts under light. It also shows potential in energy conversion, like hydrogen production and carbon dioxide reduction. Recent achievements include novel photocatalyst designs, reaction mechanism research, efficiency enhancements, and system optimization. However, challenges like catalyst stability, light energy utilization, and pollutant selectivity remain. Future focus will be on innovative materials, reaction mechanism exploration, and system optimization. By developing efficient, stable photocatalysts and optimizing conditions, P-AOPs aim for wider application. Interdisciplinary collaboration and integrated technology use will support green, sustainable environmental governance and energy utilization. This paper guides further research and application of P-AOPs.