Acceleration sensor placement method for transmission tower structures based on joint sparse optimization

To address the issue of existing sensor placement methods failing to consider the influence of structural excitation sources on sensor deployment, this paper proposes an optimal sensor placement method based on joint sparse recovery. This method starts from the structural dynamic model, and then utilizes the mode shape matrix obtained from the structural finite element model and the modal response data under specific excitation loads to establish a joint sparse optimization model for sensor placement. This model is solved using multidimensional orthogonal matching pursuit, and the sensor placement locations are determined according to the sparse distribution of the solution. Taking a cat-head type transmission tower as the research object, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified by comparing to the sensor placement results obtained from the effective independence method and the modal kinetic energy method. Finally, the deployment plan obtained from the proposed method is successfully applied to the on-site modal test of the cat-head type transmission tower.