Accelerating Digital Focusing Method for Millimeter-Wave Holographic Imaging with Arbitrary MIMO Array

Lingbo Qiao; Yayun Cheng; Dalu Guo; Xing Liu; Jinghui Qiu

doi:10.1109/TMTT.2023.3329722

Accelerating Digital Focusing Method for Millimeter-Wave Holographic Imaging with Arbitrary MIMO Array

Lingbo Qiao
, Yayun Cheng^*
, Dalu Guo
, Xing Liu^*
, Jinghui Qiu

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology
Tsinghua University
National Engineering Laboratory for Dangerous Articles and Explosives Detection Technologies

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

Due to the fast scanning capabilities and sparse arrangement, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrays have gained widespread use in millimeter-wave (MMW) holographic imaging. The traditional image reconstruction for arbitrary MIMO arrays relies on the digital focusing (DF) method, which involves extensive phase compensating calculations. To overcome this challenge, we present an accelerated DF method based on dimension reduction (DR) and fast Fourier transform (FFT), which reduces computational complexity from O(N^6) to O(N^3° N). Simulation and measurement experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can achieve a 109-fold speedup for cross-orthogonal array scanning simulation and a 433-fold speedup for 1-D MIMO array scanning experiment compared to the original DF method while containing almost no image quality loss.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3788-3796
Number of pages	9
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
Volume	72
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2023.3329722
State	Published - 1 Jun 2024
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Digital focusing (DF)
dimension reduction (DR)
fast Fourier transform (FFT)
holographic imaging
millimeter-wave (MMW)
multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)

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10.1109/TMTT.2023.3329722

Cite this

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title = "Accelerating Digital Focusing Method for Millimeter-Wave Holographic Imaging with Arbitrary MIMO Array",

abstract = "Due to the fast scanning capabilities and sparse arrangement, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrays have gained widespread use in millimeter-wave (MMW) holographic imaging. The traditional image reconstruction for arbitrary MIMO arrays relies on the digital focusing (DF) method, which involves extensive phase compensating calculations. To overcome this challenge, we present an accelerated DF method based on dimension reduction (DR) and fast Fourier transform (FFT), which reduces computational complexity from O(N\textasciicircum{}6) to O(N\textasciicircum{}3° N). Simulation and measurement experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can achieve a 109-fold speedup for cross-orthogonal array scanning simulation and a 433-fold speedup for 1-D MIMO array scanning experiment compared to the original DF method while containing almost no image quality loss.",

keywords = "Digital focusing (DF), dimension reduction (DR), fast Fourier transform (FFT), holographic imaging, millimeter-wave (MMW), multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)",

author = "Lingbo Qiao and Yayun Cheng and Dalu Guo and Xing Liu and Jinghui Qiu",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1963-2012 IEEE.",

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T1 - Accelerating Digital Focusing Method for Millimeter-Wave Holographic Imaging with Arbitrary MIMO Array

AU - Qiao, Lingbo

AU - Cheng, Yayun

AU - Guo, Dalu

AU - Liu, Xing

AU - Qiu, Jinghui

PY - 2024/6/1

Y1 - 2024/6/1

N2 - Due to the fast scanning capabilities and sparse arrangement, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrays have gained widespread use in millimeter-wave (MMW) holographic imaging. The traditional image reconstruction for arbitrary MIMO arrays relies on the digital focusing (DF) method, which involves extensive phase compensating calculations. To overcome this challenge, we present an accelerated DF method based on dimension reduction (DR) and fast Fourier transform (FFT), which reduces computational complexity from O(N^6) to O(N^3° N). Simulation and measurement experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can achieve a 109-fold speedup for cross-orthogonal array scanning simulation and a 433-fold speedup for 1-D MIMO array scanning experiment compared to the original DF method while containing almost no image quality loss.

AB - Due to the fast scanning capabilities and sparse arrangement, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) arrays have gained widespread use in millimeter-wave (MMW) holographic imaging. The traditional image reconstruction for arbitrary MIMO arrays relies on the digital focusing (DF) method, which involves extensive phase compensating calculations. To overcome this challenge, we present an accelerated DF method based on dimension reduction (DR) and fast Fourier transform (FFT), which reduces computational complexity from O(N^6) to O(N^3° N). Simulation and measurement experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method can achieve a 109-fold speedup for cross-orthogonal array scanning simulation and a 433-fold speedup for 1-D MIMO array scanning experiment compared to the original DF method while containing almost no image quality loss.

KW - Digital focusing (DF)

KW - dimension reduction (DR)

KW - fast Fourier transform (FFT)

KW - holographic imaging

KW - millimeter-wave (MMW)

KW - multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85177028988

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JO - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques

JF - IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques

IS - 6

ER -

Accelerating Digital Focusing Method for Millimeter-Wave Holographic Imaging with Arbitrary MIMO Array

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Keywords

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