A Hybrid Data-Model Driven Method for Generating Typical Operating Conditions of UHVDC Sending-End Power Grids with High-Penetration Renewable Energy

With the integration of high-penetration renewable energy, the short-term voltage stabilities of modern power systems have fundamentally changed, making traditional typical operating conditions inadequate to represent the running boundaries, especially in ultra-high voltage direct current (UHVDC) sending-end power grids. In response to this issue, this paper proposes a hybrid data-model driven method for generating new typical operating conditions (composed of extreme and central ones). Considering various voltage stability patterns in sending-end power grids with high-penetration renewable energy, an extremity index system to describe the stability degree of the operating conditions is proposed with a new definition of typical operating conditions. Furthermore, an optimal dispatch model is developed, accounting for the seasonal and volatile nature of renewable energy scenarios. The annual operating conditions for future grid are generated through chronological operation simulation. The local outlier factor (LOF) algorithm is used to detect the initial set of extreme operating conditions, and a hybrid data-model driven approach is employed to extract the final extreme operating conditions from initial set. The LOF and K-medoids algorithm are then applied to generate central operating conditions efficiently by eliminating the influence of extreme operating points. Case studies demonstrate that the proposed method effectively enhances the accuracy of identifying stability boundaries and operating centers in power grids compared with traditional ones.