5A06 铝合金变厚度板充液拉深变形与应力分析

In view of the problems of large springback and easy to cracking in the spinning and machining of heavy plates of aluminum alloy curved part with differential thickness, the deep drawing forming method of plate with differential thickness was proposed to manufacture an integral ellipsoid component with a thin zone in the middle and a thick zone in the periphery. There are problems such as poor deformation uniformity and easy to fracture in thin zone during the deformation process of plate with differential thickness. To solve these problems, the hydroforming method was adopted, and an elastic auxiliary plate was set on the surface of aluminum plate. Through mechanical analysis and deep drawing experiments, the influence laws of hydraulic pressure and elastic auxiliary plate on the hydroforming of plates with differential thickness were studied, and the “beneficial friction effect” during hydroforming was analyzed. The results show that the combination process method of hydroforming and elastic auxiliary plate can improve the deep drawing formability of plate with differential thickness, increase the maximum drawing depth and improve the wall thickness distribution in the thin zone. When the hydraulic pressure is 5 MPa and the thickness of the elastic plate is 3 mm, an ellipsoid component with the maximum thickness thinning rate of 7% can be obtained.