3D 打印连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料成型质量的研究进展

Continuous fiber⁃reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPCs) are widely used in the automotive industry, aerospace and other fields. In recent years, CFRTPCs materials 3D printing technology has attracted more and more attention from researchers and becomes a new research focus. Compared to traditional additive manufacturing methods for composites, such as automated fiber placement and winding, the layer⁃by⁃layer molding principle of 3D printing technology allows greater manufacturing flexibility. However, the molding quality of 3D⁃printed CFRTPCs could change significantly with changes in materials or process parameters, which has been troubling researchers in the field of composite 3D printing. At present, scholars' research on the molding quality of 3D⁃printed CFRTPCs mostly focuses on exploring the optimal process parameters through experiments. However, it lacks a comprehensive introduction to the influence mechanism of each process parameter. From the perspective of molding quality, this paper provides a thorough discussion on the effects of the mechanism of 3D printer, process parameters (temperature of liquefier, speed, fiber orientation, fiber volume fraction, hatch spacing and layer thickness) and other parameters (type of material, build orientation and environment) on the performance of 3D⁃printed composites. It is concluded that the influence of various parameters on molding quality is reflected in fiber volume fraction, porosity and interfacial properties. Finally, the development direction of the molding quality of 3D⁃printing composites has been prospected to provide references for preparing 3D⁃printed CFRTPCs products with excellent molding quality.