高含固厨余垃圾垂直流厌氧处理系统的构建与启动

A huge amount of kitchen wastes with a solid content of about 25% are produced in China, which is not suitable for landfilling. Therefore, other alternative treatment methods of kitchen wastes need to be developed urgently. Under mesophilic condition (37±1) ℃, a vertical-flow anaerobic treatment system was constructed to treat this high-solid kitchen wastes, and its operating efficiency and microbial community structure after startup were analyzed. After stable operation, the volume loading rate was 9.79 g•L^-1•d^-1, and the volatile solid (VS) reduction could reach 80.57%± 4.10%. Specific biogas production (SBP) and specific methane production (SMP) were (0.748±0.078) L•g^-1•d^-1and (0.405±0.052) L•g^-1•d^-1, respectively. The system had enough buffer capacity and good biogas production ability, and there was no inhibition of acid or ammonia. Through the analysis of the microbial community structure in different locations, the dominant bacteria was Levilinea, and the bacteria involved in the hydrolysis and acidification of carbohydrates were widely distributed; the dominant archaea were Methanothrix, Methanobacterium and Methanolinea, which were all related to methane production.