隐私保护的网约出行的研究综述

For efficient utilization of transportation resources, Online Ride Hailing (ORH) services enable riders to hail available vehicles by matching vehicle supplies and rider requests. Along with the advantage of ORH services raises serious privacy concerns. Thus, many studies focus on privacy-preserving ORH services by using some well-established cryptographic primitives. Firstly, we introduce main challenges for privacy-enhanced ORH services under in dynamic city scenarios, including encrypted travel cost computation, encrypted trips dynamic planning and secure ridesharing between different ORH services; then, we review secure travel cost computation about Euclidean distance, road distance and travel time. Euclidean distance secure computation is very efficient but not accurate. Most road distance and travel time secure computation methods are designed for static road networks, but it is desirable to have more methods for dynamic city road networks. We analyze ridesharing dynamic scheduling oriented from riders, drivers and ORH platforms. Existing works solve ridesharing dynamic scheduling with single optimal objective from riders, drivers or ORH platforms. Actually, comprehensive multiple objectives of riders, drivers and ORH platforms should be considered, such as income of ORH platforms, user experience of riders and drivers. We further summarize privacy-aware trip preprocessing and privacy-preserving ridesharing over encrypted trips, including single driver-single rider mode and single driver-multiple riders mode, and then further point out disadvantages and inspiration of existing studies. However, it is desirable to have secure ridesharing of multiple drivers - single rider dynamic mode and multiple drivers - multiple riders dynamic mode. Finally, we summary further works in privacy-preserving ORH services, including secure travel cost computation and comparison over encrypted trips, multiparty privacy-preserving dynamic ridesharing and safety guarantee over large scale encrypted trips, decentralized secure ridesharing cross ORH services, legal and regulatory compliance guarantee. The paper aims to improve the quality of an ORH service and enhance cooperation cross ORH services, while protecting the privacy of all parties. It can make ORH services more intelligent and more secure.