钛/钢异种金属焊接研究进展综述

The titanium/steel dissimilar metal structural components can not only take advantage of the high strength and good corrosion resistance of titanium alloys, but also consider the excellent weldability and cost-effectiveness of steel, which has broad application prospects in the fields of petrochemicals, marine engineering, aerospace, etc. However, due to the significant differences in physical and chemical properties between Ti and Fe, achieving reliable welding of titanium/steel composite components is extremely challenging. The generation of interface brittle compounds and large residual stresses within the joint are the main factors restricting the improvement of joint performance. This paper reviews the domestic and foreign research progress in the field of dissimilar metal welding of titanium/steel focusing on interface energy control, interlayer metallurgy control, and energy field-assisted heat source control. It summarizes and compares the effects of alloy elements, welding parameters, and other factors on the weld formation and interfacial microstructure, and analyzes the inherent correlation among the welding process-weld formation-interfacial microstructure-mechanical performance. Based on this, a summary and prospect of titanium/steel dissimilar metal welding field are provided, aiming to provide reference for future research directions and technological breakthroughs in titanium/steel welding.