超速行为干预措施研究现状及发展趋势

To conceive effective anti-speeding countermeasures and determine practical effectiveness, adaptation conditions, advantages and disadvantages of existing anti-speeding countermeasures, and the effectiveness of combined countermeasures,relevant literature were systematically reviewed. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement guidelines, speeding and its corresponding countermeasures were regarded as keywords. In this study, 11 electronic databases were employed to search for relevant literature regarding the automated speed enforcement system, anti-speeding advertising measure, speeding warning sign, and intelligent speed adaptation system. Literature quality assessment indexes were established to evaluate the searched literature. In total, 101 studies were included in the review. Findings of the studies were synthesized in a narrative analysis. The research results indicate that the automated speed enforcement system, anti-speeding advertising measure, speeding warning sign, and intelligent speed adaptation system have varying anti-speeding effectiveness, which are affected by some road, traffic, and environmental conditions and human factors. Specifically, with regard to the automated speed enforcement system, the point-to-point speed enforcement system outperforms others, whereas the mobile speed camera system follows others; with respect to the anti-speeding advertising measure, outdoor advertisement outperforms other advertising measures, whereas print advertisement has little effect; as for the speeding warning sign, public posting of speeding information has a significant anti-speeding effectiveness; moreover, the warning dynamic speed display sign is superior to the standard one; as for the intelligent speed adaptation system, the compulsory intelligent speed adaptation system performs better than the others; however, the voluntary intelligent speed adaptation system demonstrates the worst performance. Additionally, most combined anti-speeding countermeasures perform better than a single countermeasure. In summary, the automated speed enforcement system outperforms three other anti-speeding measures, followed by the intelligent speed adaptation system, speeding warning sign, and anti-speeding advertising measure. Furthermore, combined countermeasures evidently improve intervention effectiveness. The abovementioned findings provide evidences for the selection and conceivement of anti-speeding countermeasures. Aimed at overcoming the limitations and determining the unclear influence factors of the existing anti-speeding measures, future studies need to optimize experimental and observational schemes to further examine the effectiveness and corresponding influence factors of the anti-speeding measures. Furthermore, additional studies need to be conducted to propose novel anti-speeding countermeasures based on big data (such as vehicle trajectory and video data).