航天器质量特性在线辨识方法及地面验证

Aiming at the problem of online identification of spacecraft mass characteristics, a mathematical model suitable for the identification of spacecraft moment of inertia is established, and the influence mechanism of its identifiability and data sampling time is analyzed. Based on the asymptotic least squares theory, an online identification method based on an improved asymptotic least squares is proposed, which has the advantages of strong engineering applicability and high tracking efficiency compared with the traditional identification methods. In order to verify the correctness and feasibility of the proposed online identification method, a ground full-physics simulation test system based on a three-axis air bearing testbed is proposed, which can realistically simulate the space dynamics environment of micro-interference torque and micro-interference force in outer space. Full physical simulation tests show that the identification accuracy of the proposed algorithm is better than 96.2% consistently with the accuracy of theoretical analysis (98.4%), which verifies that the proposed online identification method of spacecraft mass characteristics has strong practicability, high accuracy, and fast convergence speed. The proposed identification method has a certain reference and application value for algorithm design and ground verification of online identification of spacecraft mass characteristics.