约束膜式空气弹簧的刚度建模与分析

Here, aiming at the problem of actual stiffness of air spring being quite different from its theoretical value, an improved stiffness model of constrained membrane air spring was established. The improved model considered both the variation of elastic membrane arc length and chamber volume changes caused by deformation of elastic membrane. It was shown that the deviation between theoretical stiffness and measured one is 9.67%; the calculation accuracy increases by 7.63% compared with that obtained with the traditional model. The analysis results based on the improved stiffness model showed that the structural design of large chamber volume, small effective area and large elastic membrane arc radius, the material with high arc length change rate and the working mode of high charging pressure are conducive to the realization of low stiffness vibration isolation characteristics; the study can provide an effective theoretical basis for structural optimization design and precision machining of large load-bearing, low frequency/ultra-low frequency constrained membrane air springs.