纤维及织物基电化学传感器与水系电池的研究进展与展望

Significance Medical health is essential for human lifo, and sweat' s chemical substances reflect health conditions. Wearable electrochemical Sensors based on sweat enable continuous, hospital-free health monitoring. Inlegrating sensors into fabrics maintains permeability, flexibility, and data accuracy. Reliable flexible power supply units, such as aqueous fabric batteries, ensure stable sensor Operation. This integration fosters the development of convenient, comfortable, and non-invasive medical monitoring.Progress Fabric, with its stretchability and permeability, is an ideal material for wearable electrochemical sensors to monitor sweat, detecting electrolytes, metabolites, and hormones. There are two methods for constructing electrochemical sweat-sensing fabrics; fiber-based, where sensors are seamlessly integrated into the fabric through techniques like weaving and sewing, offering flexibility, bendability, and high adaptability; and fabric-based, which is compatible with conventional processing techniques and suitable for mass production. Additionally, matching flexible power supply units is essential. Aqueous electrolytes are safer and more suitable for wearable batteries than organic ones, though they do not fully solve leakage problem. Gel-state electrolytes, with their safety and stretchability, offer unique advantages for flexible batteries. Future research should address the interface between gel-state electrolytes and electrodes for stable power supply in fabric-based sensors.Conclusion and Prospect Reported studies have optimized material selection and fabrication methods, using fibers or fabrics as electrochemical sensing platforms to achieve a more comfortable, convenient, and non-invasive healthcare experience. In future development, the following five aspects should be emphasized; 1) The lightweight design of smart fabrics; developing manufacturing processes capable of efficient integration. 2) Sensitivity and selectivity of sensing fabrics: improving sensitivity and selectivity by optimizing materials, enhancing biomarker targeting, and refining manufacturing processes. 3) The energy density of flexible aqueous batteries; improving energy density by material innovation and electrolyte optimization. 4) Data accuracy: combining smart fabrics with AI to optimize data analysis. 5) Long-term stability; developing fiber-based Substrates and active materials with strong interfacial interaction forces.