电流原位辅助金属增材制造的研究进展

Special energy fields (such as magnetism, electricity, ultrasound, and heat) are used to assist in metal additive manufacturing. By introducing energy during component fabrication, this energy directly affects the melting and solidification processes of the material within the molten pool, effectively improving the quality of the deposited layer, refining the microstructure, and enhancing component performance. While electric current, as a high-energy carrier, has demonstrated outstanding performance in machining due to its unique technological advantages, its application in metal additive manufacturing has been relatively limited. This paper systematically summarized the research progress on electric current in-situ assisted metal additive manufacturing both domestically and internationally, elucidated the main application scenarios and regulation effects of electric current, and delved into the intrinsic mechanism of electric current acting on the molten pool in conjunction with fluid dynamics and metal solidification principles. Finally, the electric current in-situ assisted metal additive manufacturing technology was summarized and prospected, aiming to provide assistance for its large-scale application.