激光辅助电沉积技术及其在制备功能材料方面的应用

Electrodeposition is one of the main methods to improve the performance of metal substrates, but currently the single deposition technology can no longer meet many requirements of functional materials preparation. So many new technologies have been developed to overcome the coating defects caused by conventional deposition processes. Laser-assisted electrodeposition (LAED) is a technology that introduces laser irradiation in an electrodeposition system to achieve high-speed, high-quality, and highly selective deposition. Compared with the traditional electrodeposition process, LAED technology has the advantages of fast deposition speed in the irradiated area, localized deposition and promotion of the formation of nanostructure. Although the current research on LAED technology is mostly based on the mechanism of action, the study on the mechanism of action is still not systematic due to the complicated process of laser and electrodeposition. Moreover, the laser equipment is relatively expensive and the deposition device requires a specific design. All of these lead to the incomplete process system of the technology and the limited application range. With the development of small high-performance lasers and various monitoring methods, this technology will have more advantages and wider applications. This paper summarizes the mechanism of LAED technology and the composition of the device. It analyzes the mechanism of action from three aspects which are the role of laser in solution, the deposition process of LAED and the synergistic effect of laser and electrodeposition. Different experimental conditions will greatly affect the deposition material. Therefore, by adjusting the relevant process parameters of the laser irradiation system and the electrodeposition system, coatings with different properties can be obtained. The representative applications of laser-assisted electrodeposition technology are mainly the preparation of maskless micropatterns, high-quality coatings and various types of microstructured functio-nal materials. This paper hopes to provide a certain reference for the device design of LAED technology and its application in various functional materials.