氮掺杂氧化锌的制备及其催化高氯酸铵热分解性能研究

To enhance the catalytic effects of ZnO on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP), N-doped ZnOcatalyst was prepared by solvothermal method using 2-methylimidazole as the nitrogen source and alkali source in the methanol water mixture solution. The morphology, structure and composition of N-doped ZnO catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), fourier infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS). The catalytic performance of N-doped ZnO for the thermal decomposition of AP was studied by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC). The results showe that N-doped ZnO make the decomposition temperature of AP decreases from 432 ℃ to 292 ℃ and the heat release increases from 376 J/g to 1253 J/g, which is superior to the pure ZnO.That is because that the narrow band gap and the increase of oxygen vacancy defects are conducive to the breaking of Cl-O bond in HClO₄ and easily get more electrons. The obtained active O^-intensifies the oxidation reaction of NH₃, thus improving the catalytic performance.