? 气室固体氧化物燃料电池的 料 ? 微堆结构与相关应

Single-chamber solid oxide fuel cell (SC-SOFC) is a special type of fuel cells, in which both an anode and a cathode are placed in one chamber.Its working principle relies on the selective catalytic activity of the electrodes towards fuel and oxidant in a gas mixture, leading to the generation of an electromotive force.Because of its unique principle and structure, SC-SOFC has many advantages such as sealing-Free, easy stacking, quick start-up and no carbon deposition, thus, it possesses large potential in application.Herein, the principles and characteristics of SC-SOFC are introduced.Furthermore, the SC-SOFC materials, micro-stack design, degeneration mechanisms and potential applications in recent years are reviewed systematically.In order to improve the output voltage and power of SC-SOFC micro-stack, the structure of micro-stack running in pre-mixed gas environment is modified, and the output power of four-cell micro-stack with star-type is increased to 420 mW.Then, the gas supply mode of SC-SOFC micro-stack is also improved step by step combined with the numerical simulation of computational fluid dynamics, and a single-channel/multi-point gas supply mode and a double-channel/multi-point gas supply mode are proposed.The output power of a single SC-SOFC micro-stack module is as high as 8.178 W.In addition, either external series or parallel connection of the micro-stack module, and the experimental verification with the burners are carried out.The results show that SC-SOFC can be easily connected into micro-stack module which produce several watts of output power, and are expected to be used in the combined heat-power system with heat supply prior in the future.By means of the simultaneous measurements of in situ resistance and open circuit voltage, it is also clarified that the repeated oxidation-reduction cycle of Ni at CH4-02 atmosphere is the primary mechanism for the irreversible decay in SC-SOFC.This discovery later has promoted a new technology for the preparation of porous metals by oxidation-reduction method.