植物工厂节能和环境控制方法研究现状与展望

With the acceleration of global population growth and urbanization,traditional agriculture is facing challenges, and plant factories,as an emerging agricultural model,have the advantages of efficient use of resources,high degree of automation,and fewer pests and diseases. However,solving the problem of high energy consumption has become a research hotspot. In this paper,the relevant energy‐saving methods are summarized for the energy consumption structure of plant factories,which covers the energy‐saving measures in four directions:supplementary lighting system,HVAC (heating,ventilation,and air conditioning) equipment,façade structure design and airflow organization optimization. In addition,environmental control methods are of great significance to reduce energy consumption of plant factories and ensure crop growth,so this paper focuses on the application of environmental control algorithms,including control based on mechanism model, fuzzy control, decoupling control and other intelligent control methods. The problems and potentials of these control technologies are discussed. Finally,the specific energy‐saving measures and the optimization of environmental control algorithms in plant factories are prospected,hoping to provide practical ideas for reducing energy consumption and optimizing environmental control in plant factories.