智 能 窗 散 射 调 控 技 术 研 究 进 展 与 应 用 思 考

With the growing demand for light and thermal environment control，scattering-type smart windows have become a research hotspot due to their advantages of fast response and low energy consumption. We systematically examine the research progress of scattering-type smart window technology，analyzes its application potential in lighting regulation and thermal management，and discusses future development directions. Current research shows that scat- tering control technology can be classified into two major categories：surface scattering and volume scattering. Surface scattering，through microstructure design combined with mechanical stress，electric field，and photothermal response strategies，can achieve a transmittance regulation range of 30%-40% with millisecond-level response. Volume scatter- ing，represented by polymer-liquid crystal systems，offers advantages such as low driving voltage，rapid response （millisecond level），and high light transmittance，though durability and cost still need optimization. Current technology faces technical bottlenecks including insufficient scattering efficiency，poor environmental stability，and difficulties in large-scale fabrication. Therefore，future research should focus on material performance optimization，development of multifunctional composite regulation mechanisms，and breakthroughs in large-scale manufacturing processes to pro- mote the application of this technology in building energy conservation，transportation safety，and aviation.