废弃有机物用于混合菌群合成 PHA 的利用现状与挑战

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) is a fully biodegradable material with similar mechanical properties to traditional plastics, which is expected to replace petroleum-based plastics to solve the plastic crisis from the source. The mixed culture PHA production using cheap waste organic matters is of great significance to reduce the production cost of PHA and realize the reduction and recycling of waste organic matters. Substrate diversity is a distinctive feature of mixed culture PHA production. In this paper, the importance of substrate types in the mixed culture system was analyzed. Then the current status of mixed culture using different types of waste organic matters to synthesize PHA was reviewed. Key issues were pointed out, such as the complex waste organic matrix was easy to cause metabolic deviation, and it was difficult to accurately control product yield and performance. Based on a clear clarification of waste organic matrix, future research on the mixed culture PHA production using waste organic matters requires, targeted optimization of substrate hydrolysis acidification technology, PHA performance regulation technology, and development of green and low-loss purification technology to finally construct a high-efficiency PHA mixed culture system.