小天体风化层侵入阻力的颗粒介质地面动力学模型研究

Regolith, as a typical surface feature on small celestial bodies, impacts probe landing dynamics and surface mobility through granular medium intrusion resistance during low-speed impacts. To efficiently compute this resistance inmicrogravity environments, an improved Terradynamics model for granular media is presented. The influence of gravity on intrusion resistance is analyzed via the discrete element method （DEM）, confirming the model’s applicability under microgravity conditions. Gravity coefficients are incorporated to refine the intrusion resistance calculation formula, expanding the model’s adaptability. Rapid calculation models for intrusion resistance are developed under conditions of one-thousandth of Earth’s gravity, particle sizes of 3～5 mm, and intrusion angles of 75°～90°. Comparisons with DEM show relative errors within ±8%. This approach offers an efficient engineering model insensitive to particle parameters while maintaining accuracy, enabling accelerated large-scale simulations of probe landing and surface motion in microgravity environments.