寒地城市居住区形态对住宅能耗影响

To analyze the impact of residential form on residential energy consumption and provide suggestions for energy-saving planning, taking Harbin as the representative of winter cities, this paper investigates the influence of residential forms on residential energy consumption for heating and cooling by conducting sensitivity analysis, and offers suggestions on energy-saving planning for winter cities. Building stories, building length, space interval, and orientation were selected as the morphological parameters relating to residential energy consumption. Four residential typologies including pavilion, L-shaped, U-shaped, and slab type buildings were obtained by classifying the residential forms in Harbin. The ideal models of the four types of residential districts were formed and the energy consumption of each model was simulated by utilizing Openstudio and EnergyPlus. Aiming at figuring out the relative impact of the four examined parameters on energy consumption, the research processed the simulation data through a sensitivity analysis method using the standardized regression coefficients (SRC). Results show that the four parameters all had impact on the residential energy consumption, and the building length was the most significant parameter. Based on the results, a residential energy-saving planning strategy was proposed from the perspectives of housing type, shape coefficient, space interval, and orientation, and the parameter combinations of minimum energy consumption of multi-story and slab type residential buildings in winter cities were obtained.