大型 铝 合 金构 件 制 造 全过 程 残 余应 力 预 测 与控 制

The research in the field of calculation and controlling of residual stress (RS) for huge aluminum alloy components was summarized. This technology has been developing rapidly in the past decades with the influence of RS on aviation parts manufacturing becoming evident. The whole process control of RS in key processes, such as series heat treatment, cold deformation and machining has become the main idea. Modeling test, whole process simulation analysis and whole process control are three clear development directions in the field of RS control technology for large components. Following this idea, a relatively complete technical system has been formed. Stress testing based on the integration of location selection testing and model, RS prediction based on full process simulation, RS control covering the whole manufacturing process and other technical branches have developed considerably, and the corresponding achievements have been verified and applied to key equipment. The research on RS prediction and control technology in China is in the ascendant, and simulation tools, databases and application verification still need to be developed. Simulation analysis driven by model and data is an effective means to solve the problem of tracking and controlling the whole process of RS evolution, and is also an important way to integrate RS control technology into intelligent manufacturing. The evolution of RS in welded structures and the service behavior of components with RS need to be investigated in the future. The above two aspects are the future development trends.