基于 Kuramoto 耦合振子理论的孤岛微网系统建模

To further explore the implicit collective dynamics within the synchronization phenomenon of various complex systems, the Kuramoto model is introduced to describe the evolution of globally sinusoidal coupled phase oscillator systems with natural frequency distributions. This paper proposes a Kuramoto modeling method for island microgrid systems from the perspective of oscillator synchronization, clarifying the transient characteristics of frequency synchronization among different units in the microgrid. Firstly, a deep analysis is conducted to explore the similarities between the operational characteristics of each unit in the microgrid and the dynamic characteristics of Kuramoto oscillators, and a Kuramoto model is established based on the differences in operational characteristics. Then, the dynamic equations of Kuramoto oscillators classified by inertia are derived according to their inertial properties, and a first- and second-order mixed inhomogeneous Kuramoto model is constructed to represent the entire system. Finally, a 3-machine 5-node microgrid system is built on the Simulink simulation platform to verify the applicability of the Kuramoto synchronization theory in microgrid modeling. The similarity between the frequency synchronization of the Kuramoto model and the transient-to-steady-state process of the microgrid is revealed, laying a theoretical foundation for quantitative analysis of transient stability and the construction of transient energy functions.