基于风雪联合试验系统的风致雪漂移试验相似准则研究

Wind-induced snowdrift phenomenon leads to the unbalanced distribution of snow on the building roofs, which could bring a huge safety hazard to the structure. The wind tunnel test is one of the main methods to study wind-induced snowdrift, and similarity theories are the bases of wind tunnel test. In this paper, the similarity theories of Kind, Iversen and Tabler were firstly summarized. After the classification, the main similarity criteria were then summarized, including Froude, Reynold, time similarity criterion and speed similarity criterion, etc. Making use of the wind-snow combined experiment facility, taking artificial snow as the simulating granular material, as well as considering characteristics of different similarity criteria sufficiently, scale experiments on snow distribution around a 0.5 m cube were conducted according to the selected similarity criterion, with the field observation on snow distribution around a 1m cube by Oikawa as the prototypes. Finally, according to the comparison of the prototypes and scale experiments,and with a full consideration of the characteristics of each similarity criterion, the similarity criterion based on the mass transfer rate of saltation process is proved to be the most reliable for the reappearance of snow distribution, and the experimental results show better agreement with the prototype when using the mean wind speed of the prototype.