基于阶跃响应标定的表面热流辨识方法研究

In order to improve the adaptability and measurement accuracy of heat flow sensors in extreme high-temperature environments，a heat flow estimation method based on step response calibration is proposed. First，a convolutional integral between internal temperature and surface heat flux is established，and the heat flux is estimated from the internal temperature based on truncated singular value decomposition and low-pass filtering. Then，the unit step response of a water-cooled heat flux sensor is calibrated by applying a constant radiative heat flux. Finally，the radiative heat flux applied to the surface of the sensor is estimated using the measured temperature data and the experimentally calibrated unit step response. Results show that the relative error of estimation is lower than 3% and the uncertainty is better than 10%，compared with the reference value，achieving high-precision and low uncertainty measurement of radiation heat flux. Besides，the calculation process does not require obtaining material thermophysical parameters and thermocouple position，effectively reducing parameter dependence.