基于瞬时值解析的支路电能损失与成本分摊方法

Branches of power network are those of the most important gate-type accesses to collect and distribute electric energy. At present, all kinds of power meters and watt-hour meters installed at these accesses can only measure and count the total power and total energy of branch. They are not yet possible to calculate the power and energy distribution information on the branch for the sending sources or the receiving loads from the perspectives of digitalization and intelligence. This situation restricts the fair development of cost accounting and allocation. Therefore, based on the instantaneous value analysis and taking two and more equivalent loads at the receiving end of a branch as an example, this paper analyzed the distribution relationship of instantaneous current of different loads on the branch, and deduced the instantaneous resistances and their losing powers allocated to loads. Allocation coefficients of branch energy loss were hence obtained. This paper also discovered and analyzed the crossing phenomenon and its detailed relationship of power and energy among the loads from the instantaneous circulation, and drew the general allocation diagram of energy with synthesizing the branch energy distribution relationship. Basing on this diagram and considering the node and branch prices, the transmission costs allocated to the loads and economic flows for the whole process of purchase-sale can be accounted. Finally, the results of energy distribution relationship, branch energy loss and cost allocation, and cross-subsidies among different loads are given for an example. The comparison with other method for calculating the allocation coefficients of energy loss of branch resistance was also done. Example shows the proposed method will provide theoretical support for the development of a new type of smart meter installed in a gate-type branch or for the more in-depth research on the issue of branch energy loss and cost accounting.