后处理技术提升燃料电池催化剂稳定性

Fuel cell is a kind of renewable new energy technology, which can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel into electric energy through the chemical reaction at the interface of electrode and electrolyte. Because energy conversion efficiency is high, no noise and pollution.Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the most widely used fuel cells, but PEMFC still has some problems to be solved, such as high cost, low power density and poor catalyst stability. Therefore, to achieve the large-scale application of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, research and development of high activity and high stability catalyst is the top priority. In order to meet the requirements of high activity and high stability of fuel cell catalysts, this paper reviews the research progress and performance improvement methods of catalysts for fuel cells. The methods to improve the stability of fuel cell were discussed from the perspectives of active components and carrier. The performance of catalyst was improved by reducing the diameter of active component particles, preparing platinum particles with specific orientation surface, alloying platinum with transition metals and the modification of carrier also had a significant impact on the stability of catalyst. Finally, the future development direction of fuel cell catalysts and the main problems in practical application are proposed.