光丝同轴激光增材制造研究进展

Additive manufacturing is widely applied in aerospace and automobile industries due to its ability to realize rapid prototyping of three-dimensional structures. The current wire-based laser additive manufacturing mostly relies on the traditional laser welding equipment with a lateral wire feeding method. However, in additive manufacturing with lateral wire feeding, it is necessary to adjust the direction of laser processing head to ensurea fixed relative position between wire and processing head, resulting in a significant increase in complexity of system control and obvious loss of processing freedom. With the development of laser processing equipment and technology, a novel process of coaxial laser wire additive manufacturing has emerged with the potential to solve the aforementioned problem. Since the process is just getting started, in order to better understand the characteristics of coaxial laser wire additive manufacturing, the research progress of coaxial laser wire additive manufacturing was summarized from the perspectives of implementation principle, processing characteristics, precision control, and microstructure and properties of additive manufactured components. The differences between laser wire additive manufacturing with coaxial wire and lateral wire feeding were analyzed. Two precision control methods for coaxial laser wire additive manufacturing and their characteristics were demonstrated. The microstructure and properties of components made by coaxial laser wire additive manufacturing were analyzed. In the end, the further research trend for coaxial laser wire additive manufacturing was put forward.